Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
Cold Spring Harbor Labs Photographs

Major research accomplishments include:

  1. The development of the way to implement replica plating.
  2. The discovery of Lambda bacteriophage.
  3. Co-discovery (with L. L. Cavalli-Sforza) of Fertility factor F.
  4. Major research contributions concerning galactoemia and maltophilia.

For a more complete list, see http://esthermlederberg.com/Papers.html

1950: Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg discovers lambda: the first viral episome of E. coli.
1952: Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg and J. Lederberg invent replica-plating.
1962: Alan Campbell shows how episomes become integrated into host chromosomes by a crossover event.
1970: Smös and Inman study chromosome replication in phage lambda, showing that replication starts at a unique origin,
1972: P. Berg, Jackson, and Symons splice SV40 viral DNA into E. coli phage lambda, thus the first joining of DNA from different organisms in vitro.
1972: Boyer, Hedgpeth, and Goodman identify the DNA nucleotide sequence of coliphage lambda recognized by a specific endonuclease.
1972: Stan Cohen, Annie Chang, and Hsu show that E.coli can take up (circular) plasmid DNA molecules, such that transformants in the bacterial population can be identified and selected using antibiotic-resistant plasmid genes.
1972: Arber and Kuhnlein report isolation of recognition-site mutations in coliphages.
1973: Stan Cohen, Annie Chang, H. Boyer, and Helling construct the first biologically-functional hybrid bacterial plasmids in vitro, by joining fragments derived by restriction from different plasmids.
1974: K. Murray and N. Murray manipulate restriction endonuclease recognition sites in lambda phage so that lambda may be more easily used for cloning for foreign DNA.


Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg did plasmid and other aspects of the genetics of various strains of Escherichia coli including K-12. However, Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg also did genetic research of Salmonella typhimurium including research collaboration with such people as B. A. D. Stocker and S. Cohen (see Esther M. Zimmer Lederberg's published papers). Other researchers who Esther M. Zimmer knew well who specialized in similar investigations included the following:

Relevant papers with their references include the following:


Esther Lederberg correction: "Phage and the Origins of Molecular Biology", Cairns, J., Stent, G. S., Watson, J. D. (Editors), p. 148
Esther points out that although Max Delbrück advised J. Watson to study X-ray diffraction of DNA at the Cavendish Laboratory, in fact, J. Watson went to Kalchar, Copenhagen.

Click to see the 1985 Interview with Esther Lederberg
concerning Francis Crick's views about Artificial Life

  1. Stanford University Genetics Department
        picnic at Searsville Lake: 1946
  2. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Wisconsin Genetics Department): 1948
  3. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Lindegren, Gertrude
        (Moen Lake, Rhinelander, Wisconsin): 1949
  4. Szilard, Leo; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Lederberg, Joshua; ?
  5. Neumeyer; Atkinson, Nancy; Meias; Golsten, Dale;
        Tatum, Peggy; Beam, Carl A.; Alba, Laura G.;
        van Niel, Cornelis B.; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Roti; ?
  6. Dupré; Lederberg, Joshua; Sinnott, E. W.;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  7. Flynn; Wittner David; Walker, J.; Lederberg, Joshua;
        Galston; Bloch; Beam, Carl A.;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Roti; Gabalman; June;
        Tatum, Edward Lawrie
  8. Bussart, Alain; l'Héritier, Philippe; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  9. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Davis, Bernard D.;
        Dobzhansky, Sophie; Westergaard, Mogens
  10. Zinder, Norton; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Fogel, Seymour
  11. Marshak, Alfred; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Spiegelman, Sol.;
        Auerbach, Charlotte
  12. Lederberg, E. M., Westergaard, Mogens; Bissett, K. A.
  13. Schultz, Jack; l'Héritier, Philippe; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  14. Novick, Aaron; Stocker, Bruce A. D.; Papazian, Haig P.;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Luria, Salvador Edward
        (not visible: Lindegren, Carl)
  15. Stocker, Bruce A. D.; Papazian, Haig P.;
        Luria, Salvador Edward; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  16. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  17. Zinder, Norton; Lederberg, J.; Lederberg, E.M.
    and others not identified: 1953
  18. Iino, Tetsuo; Wright, Robert;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer;
        Miller, W.; Miller, L.: June 2, 1955
  19. Timakov, V. D.; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer: CIBA 1956
  20. ?; Lederberg, Joshua; Lederberg,
        Esther M. Zimmer; Stocker, Bruce A. D.;
        The Burn, Scotland (Genetic Recombination): 1957
  21. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Stocker, Bruce A. D.; Kaplan
        (Madison Medical Genetics): November, 1958
  22. Stocker, Bruce A. D.; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Madison Medical Genetics): November, 1958
  23. Wisconsin Genetics Department
        Hirota, Y. (far left); Iino, T.; Cook, A.; Lederberg, E. M.;
        Lederberg, J. at right: April, 1958
  24. Wisconsin Genetics Dept. (Lederberg, J.;Iino, T.;
        Lederberg, E. M. at left): 1958
  25. Auerbach, Charlotte; Spiegelman, Sol.;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
  26. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer (Lab): 1950s
  27. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Lederberg, Joshua; Childs, Barton
        CIBA 1959
  28. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer;
        Stocker, Bruce A.D.; Stocker, Jane: 1959
  29. Click to see some of Esther's well-known Photographs: 1965
  30. Huberman, Joel; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Labs): September, 1974
  31. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer to Stocker, Bruce
        September 6, 1974
  32. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  33. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  34. Crow, James F.; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  35. Sherratt, David; Grindley, Nigel;
        Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Crow, James F.
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  36. Kopecko, Dennis; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  37. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer;
        Kopecko, Dennis; Kretschmer, Peter
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  38. Sommer, Hans; Nevers, Patricia;
        Saedler, Heinz; Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  39. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer;
        Schmitt, Rüdiger (Rudi)
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  40. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; ?
        (Cold Spring Harbor Symposium): 1980
  41. Lederberg, Esther M. Zimmer; Kopecko, Dennis
Many geneticists held views concerning eugenics that people might now find objectionable. Esther M. Lederberg always opposed racism and any all abuses of eugenics. Click here for additional information.